Business & Professional

Executive Disability Insurance

Disability insurance for executives paid in base, bonus, and equity. How carriers count variable compensation, why group LTD caps bite hardest at the top of the pay scale, and which programs reach $60,000 a month.

Toby Lason , CA License #0H52962 · ·
Top tier
Class 6 at Guardian, 5A at The Standard, 5A band at MassMutual, conditions apply
$60,000/mo
Executive Select ceiling at income around $800K+
$10K to $15K
Typical group LTD monthly cap

Top carriers for Executives

All five carriers below can be written as true own-occupation for most professions. Guardian and Ameritas build it into the base definition, MassMutual and Principal deliver it through their own-occupation rider or definition, and at The Standard it comes through a rider whose availability depends on your occupation class. Your optimal carrier depends on your specific specialty, income structure, and state. We compare all five side-by-side in every analysis.

Carrier Product AM Best rating Contract strength
Provider Choice A++ (Superior) Strongest contract; best default mental-health
Platinum Advantage A (Excellent) Contract clarity
Income Protector A+ (Superior) Most flexible underwriting; deep rider menu
Radius Choice A++ (Superior) Mutual-company dividends; billing-code own-occ
DInamic Cornerstone A (Excellent) Competitive pricing; highest BOE limit

Provider Choice

AM Best
A++ (Superior)
Strength
Strongest contract; best default mental-health

Radius Choice

AM Best
A++ (Superior)
Strength
Mutual-company dividends; billing-code own-occ

Income Protector

AM Best
A+ (Superior)
Strength
Most flexible underwriting; deep rider menu

Platinum Advantage

AM Best
A (Excellent)
Strength
Contract clarity

DInamic Cornerstone

AM Best
A (Excellent)
Strength
Competitive pricing; highest BOE limit

Get a comparison of all five carriers tailored to your specialty

Get a Quote Comparison

Why executives are underinsured by their own benefits package

The executive is usually the most underinsured person in the building, and the reason is structural rather than accidental. Employer group long-term disability generally insures base salary and caps the monthly benefit, commonly somewhere in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. Those two features are unremarkable for an employee whose pay is mostly salary. For an executive paid in base, bonus, and equity, they combine into a gap that widens with every promotion.

Work the arithmetic on an illustrative $600,000 package split between a $250,000 base and $350,000 of bonus and vested equity. A plan covering 60% of base salary, a common design, produces $150,000 a year on paper, while a $15,000 monthly cap would allow $180,000, so the binding constraint here is the covered-earnings definition rather than the cap. Nearly 60% of the compensation was never in the calculation.

Individual coverage is underwritten differently. Carriers size the benefit to total earned income that has been received and documented, which brings documented bonus and vested equity into the figure. The Social Security Administration notes in Publication 05-10029 that "Studies show that a 20-year-old worker has a 1-in-4 chance of developing a disability before reaching full retirement age." The exposure is not exotic, and at executive income levels the dollars at stake are simply larger.

How carriers classify executives

Executives commonly classify in the top or near-top non-medical tier, which is favorable on both price and contract availability. Guardian classes qualifying owners and executives at 6, its best tier, where the business has been financially sound for five or more years and has at least ten employees, the duties are office and managerial only, and compensation clears its threshold. The Standard classes select office professionals and executives at 5A, and includes qualifying executives and managers in its Preferred Occupation Discount, worth up to 20%. MassMutual's November 2025 occupation guide places banking executives and officers at 5A/5.

Those labels do not transfer between carriers. A class 5A at one company is not the same rung as 5A at another, and the same applicant can be classed differently across the five majors, which changes both the premium and whether certain riders are available at all.

What happens to bonus and equity in underwriting

Carriers underwrite earned income that has already been received and documented. In practice that generally means base salary, documented bonus, and vested equity that appears as W-2 wages. Vesting on a steady, established pattern is typically credited. Unvested grants and unexercised options generally are not, because they have not yet produced income a carrier can verify.

The practical consequence is that two executives with identical headline compensation can be offered different benefits, depending on how much of the package has actually landed on a tax return and how consistent the pattern looks. Executives with equity-weighted pay should expect the documentation stage to matter more than the application form suggests. The full mechanics are covered in our RSU and equity compensation guide, which applies to any equity-compensated professional rather than to technology alone.

How much coverage is actually available

Carrier issue and participation limits are not a flat percentage of pay, and the replacement ratio declines as income rises. On the 2026 MassMutual issue and participation chart and Principal's underwriting pocket guide, which track each other closely, a $300,000 earner can insure roughly $13,300 a month, about 53% of income, and a $500,000 earner roughly $16,900, about 41%.

In our placement experience a single carrier will typically issue around $20,000 a month for a high earner, and as much as roughly $30,000 for some occupations, depending on occupation, income, and state. Larger totals are generally built by combining carriers. The Standard allows an applicant already at maximum issue and participation to apply for Lloyd's of London coverage without reducing the Platinum Advantage benefit, which matters at the highest income levels.

MassMutual also runs a program built specifically for this range. Executive Select can cover up to roughly 50% of income where a group long-term disability plan sits underneath it, and roughly 25% without one, to a monthly maximum of $60,000 for the most favorably classed professionals earning around $800,000 or more. It excludes medical and dental occupations, which puts executives and other non-medical professionals at the center of it, and it is not available in every state, including California and Florida. Fit is confirmed case by case.

Why the definition matters more at the top of the pay scale

An executive at $500,000 and up is already replacing well under half of prior income, because the replacement ratio falls as earnings rise. That shortfall is what gives the contract definition its weight. A true own-occupation policy pays the full benefit while you work and earn in another field, with no offset against those earnings, so an executive who can no longer run an operating business but can consult, teach, or sit on boards keeps both the benefit and the new income. A modified definition withdraws the benefit at exactly the point a high earner begins rebuilding.

All five major carriers can be written as true own-occupation for most professions, but they deliver it differently, and at The Standard the availability depends on occupation class. The contract-by-contract detail is in our own-occupation comparison across the top carriers.

Coverage that travels with the career

Group long-term disability ends with the employment that provided it. The next employer's plan arrives with a different definition, a different cap, and its own eligibility terms, and a move into consulting, board work, or an operating role at a private company may come with no plan at all. An individually owned policy moves through all of it unchanged, which is usually the practical argument for owning coverage rather than relying on whichever plan happens to be in force.

A future increase option lets the benefit grow as compensation does, with no new medical underwriting at each step. For an executive on a rising compensation curve, that option is often worth more over a career than the starting benefit amount, because it locks in the right to buy more coverage while health is still a non-issue.

Frequently asked questions

Does group long-term disability cover an executive's bonus and equity?
Generally not. Employer group long-term disability plans typically insure base salary and stop there, so bonus, commission, and equity compensation usually fall outside the covered figure. Most plans also cap the monthly benefit, commonly somewhere in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. For an executive whose base is a minority of total compensation, those two features compound. The plan replaces a percentage of the smaller number, then truncates the result at the cap. Confirming what your own plan document defines as covered earnings, and what the monthly maximum is, is the starting point for sizing individual coverage on top of it.
How do carriers classify executives?
Most land in the top or near-top non-medical tier, though each carrier labels it differently and attaches its own conditions. Guardian classes qualifying owners and executives at 6, its best tier, where the business has been financially sound for five or more years and has at least ten employees, the duties are office and managerial only, and compensation clears its threshold. The Standard classes select office professionals and executives at 5A and includes qualifying executives and managers in its Preferred Occupation Discount, worth up to 20%. MassMutual's November 2025 guide places banking executives and officers at 5A/5. The class drives both premium and rider availability, which is why the class shown on each quote is worth comparing rather than assumed.
How is bonus and equity income counted when sizing a benefit?
Individual carriers underwrite earned income that has been received and documented, which generally means base salary plus documented bonus and the vested equity that shows up as W-2 wages. Vesting that follows a steady, established pattern is typically credited; unvested grants and unexercised options generally are not, because they have not yet produced income. That distinction matters most for executives whose pay is weighted toward equity, and it is the reason two people with identical total compensation on paper can be offered different benefits. The mechanics of how carriers treat equity are covered in our RSU and equity compensation guide.
What is the most an executive can insure?
Carrier issue and participation limits are not a flat percentage, and the replacement ratio declines as income rises. On 2026 carrier charts a $300,000 earner can insure roughly $13,300 a month and a $500,000 earner roughly $16,900, which is about 41% of income. In our placement experience a single carrier will typically issue around $20,000 a month for a high earner, and as much as roughly $30,000 for some occupations, with larger totals generally built by combining carriers. MassMutual's Executive Select program is built for the top of the range and can cover up to roughly 50% of income where a group long-term disability plan sits underneath it, and roughly 25% without one, to a maximum of $60,000 a month for the most favorably classed professionals earning around $800,000 or more. It excludes medical and dental occupations and is not available in every state, including California and Florida.
Why does the own-occupation definition matter more at executive income levels?
Because the share of income a policy can replace shrinks as income grows, an executive at the top of the range is already living on well under half of prior earnings. That makes the ability to earn in a second occupation without giving up the benefit more valuable at the top of the pay scale, not less. A true own-occupation contract pays the full benefit while you work and earn in another field, with no offset against those earnings. A modified definition withdraws the benefit at the moment a high earner starts rebuilding income somewhere else. How each of the five major carriers delivers that definition is set out in our carrier-by-carrier comparison.
What happens to an executive's coverage after a job change?
Group long-term disability ends with the employment that provided it, and the next employer's plan comes with its own definition, its own cap, and fresh eligibility terms. An individual policy is owned rather than provided, so it moves intact through job changes, promotions, and a move into board or advisory work. For a career that involves several employers, that portability is usually the practical argument for owning coverage rather than relying on whatever plan is in force at the time. A future increase option then lets the benefit grow as compensation does, without new medical underwriting.

Your income is your most valuable asset

Request a quote comparison tailored to your occupation, income, and career stage.

Get a Quote Comparison
Questions about protecting your income? I'm Navigator, ask me anything.